Study of the interplay among internal and external barriers to GSCM in the Indian leather industry using the total ISM and MICMAC methodology

Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) has received growing attention in the last few years. Due to public awareness, economic, environmental, or legislative reasons, requirement of GSCM increased. The Indian leather industry is considered be most polluted India terms all forms pollution, i.e. water, land, and air. In recent past, been changing basic assumptions. world’s largest exporter currently becoming a net importer bovine hide. Manufacturing industries have started adopting green concept their supply chain management recently focus on environmental issues. However, still struggle identify relationship between internal external barriers hindering implementation. this context, study aims develop structural model implementing industry. To assess link sector, empirical research was carried out utilizing Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) method called Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM). ISM useful approach for understanding complex relationships various hierarchies context adoption. It can used key that influence effective adoption industry, as well interdependencies these barriers. This help decision-makers better understand challenges opportunities sustainable practices throughout strategies addressing them. Additionally, drivers adoption, which inform development targeted interventions promote sector. findings indicate inconsistent quality lack motivational laws are crucial overcoming remaining obstacles successfully